[26], Ritual purity is essential for an Israelite to be able to approach Yahweh and remain part of the community. Chapters 7-10 describe the consecration (by Moses) of Aaron and his sons as the first priests, the first sacrifices, and God’s destruction of two of Aaron’s sons for ritual offenses.

A possible reason may be that, of all the books of the Torah, Leviticus is the closest to being purely devoted to mitzvot and its study thus is able to go hand-in-hand with their performance.

Speak unto the children of Israel, saying: These are the living things which ye may eat among all the … It begins with a prohibition on all slaughter of animals outside the Temple, even for food, and then prohibits a long list of sexual contacts and also child sacrifice. The code ends by telling the Israelites they must choose between the law and prosperity on the one hand, or, on the other, horrible punishments, the worst of which will be expulsion from the land.
The writers expected them to be put into practice in Israel's temple, so the rituals would express this theology as well, as well as ethical concern for the poor.

( Log Out /  [32] The role of atonement is reflected structurally in two-part division of the book: chapters 1-16 call for the establishment of the institution for atonement, and chapters 17-27 call for the life of the atoned community in holiness. [1], Leviticus rests in two crucial beliefs: the first, that the world was created “very good” and retains the capacity to achieve that state although it is vulnerable to sin and defilement; the second, that the faithful enactment of ritual makes God’s presence available, while ignoring or breaching it compromises the harmony between God and the world.

The types of offering: burnt, cereal, peace, purification, reparation (or sin) offerings (ch.1-5), B. The Book of Leviticus (/lɪˈvɪtɪkəs/) is the third book of the Torah and of the Old Testament; scholars generally agree that it developed over a long period of time, reaching its present form during the Persian Period between 538–332 BC. [9] Uncleanliness threatens holiness;[27] Chapters 11–15 review the various causes of uncleanliness and describe the rituals which will restore cleanliness;[28] one is to maintain cleanliness through observation of the rules on sexual behaviour, family relations, land ownership, worship, sacrifice, and observance of holy days. http://books.google.com.au/books?id=L8WbXbPjxpoC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Robert+Kugler, “Leviticus: Its Literary History and Location in Biblical Literature”, “The theology of the sacrifice according to Leviticus 1-7”.

[9] Uncleanliness threatens holiness;[27] Chapters 11-15 review the various causes of uncleanliness and describe the rituals which will restore cleanliness;[28] cleanliness is to be maintained through observation of the rules on sexual behaviour, family relations, land ownership, worship, sacrifice, and observance of holy days. [23], The main function of the priests is service at the altar, and only the sons of Aaron are priests in the full sense. Leviticus 18:22 You shall not lie with mankind, as with womankind: it is abomination.

[8], Chapters 8–10 describe how Moses consecrates Aaron and his sons as the first priests, the first sacrifices, and God's destruction of two of Aaron's sons for ritual offenses. [31] Atonement rituals involve the pouring or sprinkling of blood as the symbol of the life of the victim: the blood has the power to wipe out or absorb the sin.

Campbell, Antony F; O’Brien, Mark A (1993).

[26], Ritual purity is essential if an Israelite is to be able to approach God and remain part of the community. Chapters 6-7 go over much the same ground, but from the point of view of the priest, who, as the one actually carrying out the sacrifice and dividing the “portions”, needs to know how this is to be done.

Create a free website or blog at WordPress.com. The rituals of Leviticus have a theological meaning concerning Israel’s personal relationship with its God, Yahweh. Christians therefore have usually not observed Leviticus' rules regarding diet, purity, and agriculture.
Post was not sent - check your email addresses! Leviticus 16 concerns the Day of Atonement.

The entire book of Leviticus is probably composed of Priestly literature.

Leviticus rests in two crucial beliefs: the first, that the world was created “very good” and retains the capacity to achieve that state although it is vulnerable to sin and defilement; the second, that the faithful enactment of ritual makes God’s presence available, while ignoring or breaching it compromises the harmony between God and the world. [10], Leviticus 16 concerns the Day of Atonement. A. [21] Many other interpreters have followed Milgrom in exploring the theological and ethical implications of Leviticus's regulations (e.g. [19], Many scholars argue that the rituals of Leviticus have a theological meaning concerning Israel's relationship with its God. http://books.google.com/books?id=-_Bdi0gLthMC&printsec=frontcover&dq=The+Old+Testament+world+Philip, http://books.google.com.au/books?id=UX9RsDHKp7wC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Introduction+to+the+Bible, http://books.google.com.au/books?id=q9XUv3KAVIUC&printsec=frontcover&dq=A+Complete+Introduction.

[13], Chapter 27 is a disparate and probably late addition telling about persons and things serving as dedication to the Lord and how one can redeem, instead of fulfill, vows.

He maintained that the priestly regulations in Leviticus expressed a rational system of theological thought.

[29], Yahweh dwells with Israel in the holy of holies. Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account.

[33], The consistent theme of chapters 17-26 is the repeated phrase, “Be holy, for I the Lord your God am holy.”[29] Holiness in ancient Israel was not the same thing it is to us: it might be regarded as the “god-ness” of God, an invisible but physical and potentially dangerous force. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. [16], The ritual instructions in the Priestly code apparently grew from priests giving instruction and answering questions about ritual matters; the Holiness code (or H) used to be regarded as a separate document later incorporated into Leviticus, but it seems better to think of the Holiness authors as editors who worked with the Priestly code and actually produced Leviticus as we now have it.

Institution of the priesthood (8:1–10:20), III. The “holiness” injunctions which give the code its name begin with the next section: penalties are imposed for the worship of Molech, consulting mediums and wizards, cursing one’s parents and engaging in unlawful sex. In any case, the sanctuary has been polluted by the bodies of the two dead priests, leading into the next theme, holiness. The English name is from the Latin Leviticus, taken in turn from Greek and a reference to the Levites, the tribe from whom the priests were drawn; Leviticus is not, however, a manual for priests, as it concerns itself at least equally with the role and duties of the laity. The Book of Exodus narrates how Moses led the Israelites in building the Tabernacle (Exodus 35–40) with God's instructions (Exodus 25–31). [36], The need for holiness is directed to the possession of the Promised Land (Canaan), where the Jews will become a holy people: “You shall not do as they do in the land of Egypt where you dwelt, and you shall not do as they do in the land of Canaan to which I am bringing you…You shall do my ordinances and keep my statutes…I am Yahweh your God” (ch.

Institution of the priesthood (8:1-10:20), III. [3] However, the tradition is comparatively late (it dates from Josephus, a 1st century AD historian),[4] and scholars are practically unanimous that the book had a long period of growth, that it includes some material of considerable antiquity, and that it reached its present form in the Persian period (538-332 BC). [17], The Scapegoat (1854 painting by William Holman Hunt), The rituals of Leviticus have a theological meaning concerning Israel’s personal relationship with its God, Yahweh.

The reasoning behind the food rules are obscure; for the rest the guiding principle seems to be that all these conditions involve a loss of "life force", usually but not always blood. Because the closing chapters of the preceding book (Exodus) and the opening chapters of the following book (Numbers) are also P materials, the existence of Leviticus as a separate book is presumably a secondary development.

[35] As a result, Israel had to maintain its own holiness in order to live safely alongside God.

[23], The main function of the priests is service at the altar, and only the sons of Aaron are priests in the full sense. Sacrifices are between God, the priest, and the offerers, although in some cases the entire sacrifice is a single portion to God—i.e., burnt to ashes. The book is usually divided into five parts: sacrificial laws (chapters 1–7); the inauguration of the priesthood and laws governing their office (chapters 8–10); laws for ceremonial purity (chapters 11–16); laws governing the people’s holiness (chapters 17–26); and a supplement concerning offerings to the sanctuary and religious vows (chapter 27). By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica.

The reasoning behind the food rules are obscure; for the rest the guiding principle seems to be that all these conditions involve a loss of “life force”, usually but not always blood. Failure to ritually purify the sacred space could result in God leaving, which would be disastrous. [16], The entire composition of the book of Leviticus is Priestly literature. 11–15) have a basis in ethical thinking. Aaron has two sons left.


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