Johnston is in most cases a habitational surname derived from several places in Scotland. Key Events in the History of the English Language, Biography of Samuel Johnson, 18th Century Writer and Lexicographer, Definition and Examples of Productivity in Language, Binomials in English: Definition and Examples, The Features, Functions, and Limitations of Dictionaries, English Language: History, Definition, and Examples, Definition and Examples of Codification in English, The Decay of Friendship, by Samuel Johnson, Top 10 Reference Works for Writers and Editors, Ph.D., Rhetoric and English, University of Georgia, M.A., Modern English and American Literature, University of Leicester, B.A., English, State University of New York. JOHNSON. Johnson didn't hesitate to pass judgment on words he considered socially unacceptable. Dodsley solicited the patronage of the Earl of Chesterfield, offered to publicize the dictionary in his various periodicals, and agreed to pay Johnson the considerable sum of 1,500 guineas in installments. The second element is the medieval English "tone" or "toun", from the Olde English pre 7th Century "tun", a settlement, hence, "Jonistune", later "Johnston" or "Johnstone". All rights reserved. In the U.S. the name Johnson has been adopted by numerous European immigrant families originally named Johansson, Johnsson, Johansen, Jonsson, etc. See John.
The name itself is a patronym of the given name John, literally meaning "son of John". Then you have been looking for them?") In some cases the name is locational from the city of Perth, formerly recorded as (St.) Johnstoun, or from the lands of Jonystoun, an estate in the parish of Humbie, East Lothian. Enjoy this name printed onto our colourful scroll, printed in Olde English script. Home - Johnson's Dictionary Online - A DICTIONARY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE: IN WHICH The WORDS are deduced from their ORIGINALS, AND ILLUSTRATED in their DIFFERENT SIGNIFICATIONS BY EXAMPLES from the best WRITERS.
In the preface to A Dictionary of the English Language, Johnson acknowledged that his optimistic plan to "fix" the language had been thwarted by the ever-changing nature of language itself: Ultimately Johnson concluded that his early aspirations reflected "the dreams of a poet doomed at last to wake a lexicographer." But from the outset, the impulse to standardize and straighten English out was in competition with the belief that one should chronicle what's there, and not just what one would like to see.". In truth, many of Johnson's definitions are admirably straightforward and succinct. ... Vice President, and President Lyndon Baines Johnson. it the 11th most common surname overall. The Johnsons of Ayscough-Fee, co. Lincoln, claim from the house of Fitz-John of Normandy. A nifty colour-coded look at English texts and the origins of words. "More than any other dictionary," Hitching says, "it abounds with stories, arcane information, home truths, snippets of trivia, and lost myths. All rights reserved. Later, the Yorkshire Poll TaxRolls of 1379 list many of the name: Willelmus Joneson; Willelmus Johnson, 1379; Robertus Johanson; Juliana Jonesson; Ricardus Joneson; and Robertas Jonson. Johnson's Ambitions . George Johnston (British Marines officer), "Johnston History, Family Crest & Coats of Arms", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Johnston_(surname)&oldid=978445462, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Julie Johnston (born 1992), maiden name of American soccer player, This page was last edited on 14 September 2020, at 23:56. But of course Samuel Johnson was more than a dictionary maker; he was, as Burchfield noted, a writer and editor of the first rank.
Blue words come from the Vikings (Old Norse), yellow, Latin, and orange, Anglo-French. Etymology What colour is your language? On April 15, 1755, Samuel Johnson published his two-volume Dictionary of the English Language.
The coolest country name etymology: Pakistan Starting with an acronym of the 5 northern regions of British India: Punjab, Afghania, Kashmir, Sindh & baluchiSTAN, you get PAKSTAN. ... Johnson's dictionary is considered the ultimate authority in the historical/descriptive tradition. historical method. The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of Gilbertus de Jonistune, which was dated circa 1195, charter witness in the "Annandale Family Book of the Johnstones" by Sir William Fraser, during the reign of King William, known as "The Lion of Scotland", 1166 - 1214.
Pronunciation (General American) IPA : /ˈdʒɑnsən/ JOHNSON. Textual accuracy, it appears, was never a major concern: if a quotation lacked felicity or didn't quite serve Johnson's purpose, he'd alter it. Fortunately, we can now visit this treasure house online. lexicon. In other European countries around this time, dictionaries had been assembled by large committees. A patronymic surname from John + -son, literally “son of John”.
Shrug like a Frenchman and frown like a Russian. The name John derives from Latin Johannes, which is derived through Greek Ἰωάννης Iōannēs from Hebrew יוחנן Yohanan, meaning "Yahweh has favoured". Extravagantly priced at 4 pounds, 10 shillings, it sold only a few thousand copies in its first decade. Nonetheless, Johnson's Dictionary stands as an enduring achievement. In contrast, working with just six assistants (and never more than four at a time), Johnson completed his dictionary in about eight years. n Johnsonese The literary style of Dr. Samuel Johnson, or one formed in imitation of it; an inflated, stilted, or pompous style, affecting classical words. After a decade spent writing for magazines and struggling with debt, he accepted an invitation from bookseller Robert Dodsley to compile a definitive dictionary of the English language.
The habitational surname originates in most cases from the place so called in Annandale, Dumfriesshire, Scotland.
(Click through for the entire key). Here are a few starting points. To learn more about Samuel Johnson and his Dictionary, pick up a copy of Defining the World: The Extraordinary Story of Dr. Johnson's Dictionary by Henry Hitchings (Picador, 2006). In England this was known as Poll Tax. Sign up to our free daily newsletter, The Economist today, Published since September 1843 to take part in “a severe contest between intelligence, which presses forward, and an unworthy, timid ignorance obstructing our progress.”. This also alludes to the word pak ("pure" in Persian and Pashto) and stan ("land of" in Persian, with a … Historically, the surname has been most common throughout Scotland and Ireland. TODAY's fun item comes from Ideas Illustrated, where a few different texts have been color-coded by word-origin. As modern lexicographer Robert Burchfield has observed, "In the whole tradition of English language and literature the only dictionary compiled by a writer of the first rank is that of Dr. Among his other notable works are a travel book, A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland; an eight-volume edition of The Plays of William Shakespeare; the fable Rasselas (written in a week to help pay his mother's medical expenses); The Lives of the English Poets; and hundreds of essays and poems. The founder of the family, bearing the forename, Jonis, is believed to have followed his overlords from Yorkshire circa 1174 and was granted the lands to which he gave his name. Unsuccessful as a schoolmaster in his hometown of Lichfield, Staffordshire (the few students he had were put off by his "oddities of manner and uncouth gesticulations"--most likely the effects of Tourette syndrome), Johnson moved to London in 1737 to make a living as an author and editor. Early History of the Johnson family. On his list of barbarisms were such familiar words as budge, con, gambler, ignoramus, shabby, trait, and volunteer (used as a verb). Senator 1789 - 1793, and judge of the Supreme Court, 1800 - 1803; and Sir Alexander Johnston (1775 - 1849) advocate-general of Ceylon in 1799. Doublet of Johansson, Johansen, Jansen, and Hansen. defining words based on use in literary examples.
What should every logophile know about Johnson's Dictionary? Here is a very different text, with much more Latin, as well as Greek (the bright green): The Economist tends to prefer "old words, when short". British Surnames is a Good Stuff website. May 2nd 2012. by R.L.G. Public Domain. This and other similarly named locations may also be sources for the surname Johnston. This shouldn't be observed dogmatically, but the reader can see at a glance how differently a text feels when it relies on Germanic rather than Latinate roots. "As Henry Hitchings notes in his book Defining the World (2006), "With time, Johnson's conservatism—the desire to 'fix' the language—gave way to a radical awareness of language's mutability.
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