The site chosen was a flat area on the floor of a low valley between the Caelian, Esquiline and Palatine Hills, through which a canalised stream ran as well as an artificial lake/marsh. Boxes - ★★★★ - Box Seating is located throughout The Colosseum, from the lower level all the way up to the Mezzanine. Embrace your inner gladiator as you thread across the once blood-soaked arena floor. The Colosseum was used to host gladiatorial shows as well as a variety of other events. Most recently, the Colosseum was illuminated in gold in November 2012 following the abolishment of capital punishment in the American state of Connecticut in April 2012.[30]. Don’t just visit the Colosseum, delve beneath is as you navigate your way around the intricate passageways deep within the structure’s foundations on a tour of the Colosseum underground. Fitting of a space that could hold up to 80,000 spectators, the seating arrangements at the Colosseum were precisely organized. It was later reused for such purposes as housing, workshops, quarters for a religious order, a fortress, a quarry, and a Christian shrine. (Stock Photos from Denis Aminev/Shutterstock), Archeologist Spends Over 35 Years Building Enormous Scale Model of Ancient Rome, Magnificent Indian Temple Carved from One Giant Rock, Architecture 101: 10 Architectural Styles That Define Western Society. As a gift to the Roman Citizens from the Flavian Dynasty to increase their popularity, to stage various forms of entertainment, and to showcase Roman engineering techniques to the world. Specific sectors were provided for other social groups: for instance, boys with their tutors, soldiers on leave, foreign dignitaries, scribes, heralds, priests and so on. Highest Rated Seating Areas. When a gladiator or beast was summoned to fight, they would emerge onto the arena floor via a trap door. Forgotten and ignored for centuries, the 2000-year old Colosseum in Rome is packed with amazing facts and info. Animal hunts continued until at least 523, when Anicius Maximus celebrated his consulship with some venationes, criticised by King Theodoric the Great for their high cost.[18]. They had a strong religious element but were also demonstrations of power and family prestige, and were immensely popular with the population. Coordinates: 41°53′25″N 12°29′33″E / 41.8902°N 12.4924°E / 41.8902; 12.4924, Construction, inauguration, and Roman renovations, Works modeled on, or inspired by, the Colosseum. A religious order moved into the northern third of the Colosseum in the mid-14th century[26] and continued to inhabit it until as late as the early 19th century. Gladiatorial fights are last mentioned around 435. In 2007, Colosseum was chosen as one of the New 7 wonders of the world. [20] Along with this free source of unskilled labor, teams of professional Roman builders, engineers, artists, painters and decorators undertook the more specialized tasks necessary for building the Colosseum. Unlike earlier Greek theatres that were built into hillsides, the Colosseum is an entirely free-standing structure. Pope Sixtus V, who helped rebuild Rome in the late 16th century, attempted to overhaul the Colosseum as a factory for making wool, with living quarters in the upper reaches and a workspace on the arena floor, but Sixtus passed away in 1590 and the project never came to fruition. The repairs of the damages inflicted by the earthquake of 484 were paid for by the Consul. The arena was converted into a cemetery. Home to gladiatorial games, the Colosseum has continued to capture the imagination of the public for nearly 2,000 years as one of the New 7 Wonders of the World. Elevators and pulleys raised and lowered scenery and props, as well as lifting caged animals to the surface for release. The outer wall is estimated to have required over 100,000 cubic metres (3,531,467 cubic feet) of travertine stone which were set without mortar; they were held together by 300 tons of iron clamps. It is the largest amphitheatre in the world and considered to be one of the greatest Roman architecture and engineering works. They accessed their seats via vomitoria (singular vomitorium), passageways that opened into a tier of seats from below or behind. http://www.vroma.org/images/mcmanus_images/naumachia.jpg. Commemorative coinage was issued celebrating the inauguration. It’s thought that it was taken from the giant statue of Emperor Nero—known as the Colossus—which was nearby. The current name was derived from the statue of Colossus. It derives its basic exterior and interior architecture from that of two Roman theatres back to back. This has been the subject of some debate among historians; although providing the water would not have been a problem, it is unclear how the arena could have been waterproofed, nor would there have been enough space in the arena for the warships to move around. Rome had several schools where gladiators trained. Below the Colosseum was a labyrinth of underground passages called the hypogeum. Since that time, as a gesture against the death penalty, the local authorities of Rome change the color of the Colosseum's night time illumination from white to gold whenever a person condemned to the death penalty anywhere in the world gets their sentence commuted or is released,[29] or if a jurisdiction abolishes the death penalty. Now open to the public, special tours give visitors a taste of this incredible underground section of the Colosseum. The southern side of the Colosseum collapsed in a massive earthquake in 847. Certain classes of people were banned from attending the Colosseum. The bust of Vespasian contrasts starkly with that of Nero. [23], In 217, the Colosseum was badly damaged by a major fire (caused by lightning, according to Dio Cassius[24]) which destroyed the wooden upper levels of the amphitheatre's interior. This backstage area also included first aid stations to treat the wounded. During the glory years of the Colosseum there were 36 trap tours connecting the Colosseum underground to the arena floor. As the door opened it would send a cloud of sand into the sky adding to the surprise and excitement of the eagerly awaiting audience. [10], In 2011 Diego Della Valle, head of the shoe firm Tod's, entered into an agreement with local officials to sponsor a €25 million restoration of the Colosseum. Under the thick wood floor, gladiators and animals would wait their turn to take center stage. Beneath the Colosseum, a network of subterranean passageways once used to transport wild animals and gladiators to the arena opened to the public in summer 2010. [18] 242 species have been counted today and of the species first identified by Panaroli, 200 remain. The famous thumbs down gesture may not have been entirely accurate. The Colosseum (/ˌkɒləˈsiːəm/ KOL-ə-SEE-əm), also known as the Flavian Amphitheatre (Latin: Amphitheatrum Flavium; Italian: Anfiteatro Flavio [aɱfiteˈaːtro ˈflaːvjo] or Colosseo [kolosˈsɛːo]), is an oval amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy. Along the steps, people were arranged in order of class and citizenship. Receive our Weekly Newsletter. According to the Codex-Calendar of 354, the Colosseum could accommodate 87,000 people, although modern estimates put the figure at around 50,000. There is evidence for the existence of major hydraulic mechanisms[18] and according to ancient accounts, it was possible to flood the arena rapidly, presumably via a connection to a nearby aqueduct. Finally, the highest tier of the Colosseum is where the slaves and women were sat. Attempts were made in 1871 to eradicate the vegetation, because of concerns over the damage that was being caused to the masonry, but much of it has returned.

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