The firm listed in Hong Kong in 1961. The building is located at No. [3] The majority of its business int James Matheson was born in 1796 in the Scottish highlands and also attended Edinburgh University. In 1832, two years before the East India Company lost its monopoly over British trade with China, the partnership was restructured as Jardine Matheson and Company with William Jardine, James Matheson, Alexander Matheson, Jardine's nephew Andrew Jardine, Matheson's nephew Hugh Matheson, John Abel Smith, Henry Wright and Hollingworth Magnia… He carried with him a letter of introduction written by Chief Superintendent of trade in Canton Charles Elliot that relayed a few of his credentials to Palmerston. The company was created in a reorganization of Magniac-Jardine and Company, which had come close to liquidation in the 1847 financial crisis. The new firm prospered and by 1839 when the Chinese Government expelled foreign traders from Canton, it had achieved a dominant position in the opium trade. Jardine Motors Group. Struck down by a fever, he died a few days later.[6]. In 1970, Jardine Fleming, the first merchant bank in Asia, opened for business while a real estate company and sugar plantations in Hawaii and the Philippines were acquired. Jardine wanted the opium trade to expand in China and despatched Matheson to England to lobby the Government to press the Qing government to further open up trade. The Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce was founded in 1861 with Jardine's 7th Taipan Alexander Perceval, a relative of James Matheson's wife, as its first chairman. It traded in a wide variety of imports and exports, promoted railways and other much needed infrastructure projects in China, and founded banks and insurance companies as the country strove towards modernisation. James Matheson, one of the two founders of the Hong Kong-based Jardine Matheson trading company, founded Matheson & Company in 1848 after he returned from China. Jardine Matheson (commonly known as Jardines) are a group of majority business serving Asia Pacific, from its domicile in Bermuda. It also operates in China, Macau, and Hong Kong as Zung Fu Company . He was head of Jardine, Matheson and Co, merchants in China in 1865. In his own words: Hong Kong provided a unique opportunity for Jardine's expansion. Việt bính. Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. 前身は東インド会社で、元は貿易商社。1832年、スコットランド出身のイギリス東インド会社元船医で貿易商人のウィリアム・ジャーディンとジェームス・マセソンにより、中国の広州（沙面島）に設立された。中国語名は「怡和洋行」。当時、広州は広東システム体制下、ヨーロッパ商人に唯一開かれた貿易港であった。 He attended Edinburgh's Royal High School and the University of Edinburgh.He and William Jardine went on to co-found the Hong Kong-based trading conglomerate Jardine Matheson & Co. … We are a Fortune Global 500 company and one of … For the operating company in Singapore, Malaysia, and Myanmar, see Cycle & Carriage Cycle & Carriage was renamed Jardine Cycle & Carriage in 2004, following the integration into the Jardine Matheson Group in 2002. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Merchant, co-founder of Jardine, Matheson & Company. Lin commented, "The Iron-headed Old Rat, the sly and cunning ring-leader of the opium smugglers has left for The Land of Mist, of fear from the Middle Kingdom's wrath." James Matheson, one of the two founders of the Hong Kong-based Jardine Matheson trading company, founded Matheson & Company in 1848 after he returned from China. Britain, India, China, Spain, East Africa etc. Matheson & Company also became involved in venture-capital, specializing in mining. Adam Williams's first novel is a historical tour-de-force and a triumphant return to traditional storytelling on a truly grand scale. Co. Jardines had 19 inter-continental clippers by 1841, complemented by hundreds of smaller lorchas and other craft used for coastal and upriver smuggling. This book, based upon extensive research in local archives and newspapers, focuses on the experiences of the students during their nine-year stay in the United States. Examines the transitional years during which Britain's vital role in the formulation of Western policies declined markedly, and that simultaneously marked the take-off period of the Cold War. [3] In the early years of the 19th century both Jardine and Matheson went into partnership with Magniac, who subsequently retired to England in 1828. Wikipedia. Found insideTrades at a low P/E of 5.2 and yields 2.6% in dividends. http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-03-04/jardine-matheson-underlying-profit-up-31-on-cars- hotels.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jardine_Matheson_Holdings ... In early 1835 he ordered James Matheson to leave for Britain to persuade the Government to take strong action in pursuit of this end. [11] The group's subsidiaries has 8 major companies, having its control of the Keswick family, who are the descendants of William Jardine's eldest sister, Jean Johnstone. [1] Following this debacle, William Jardine saw an opportunity to convince the British government to use force to further open trade. As London grew as an international financial hub, in the 1960s Matheson & Co. expanded their merchant banking operations. Founded in China in 1832, we have grown over nearly two centuries into a broad portfolio of market-leading businesses. In this engaging new study, John D. Wong examines the Canton trade networks that helped to shape the modern world through the lens of the prominent Chinese merchant Houqua, whose trading network and financial connections stretched from ... The British crown charged duty of five shillings per pound (0.45 kg) regardless of the quality, which meant that even the cheapest variety available cost seven shillings per pound – almost a whole week's wages for a labourer. [1] Found insideSee 'Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China,' Wikipedia, 2017, available at: ... Jardine, Matheson & Co. and the Origins of British Rule in Hong Kong, 1827–1843, Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press for the British Academy ... Our businesses are closely aligned to, and aim to meet the needs of, the increasingly prosperous consumers of the region. [12] The setting is Hong Kong, 1963. The action spans scarcely more than a week, but these are days of high adventure: from kidnapping and murder to financial double-dealing and natural catastrophes—fire, flood, landslide. Threaded throughout master storyteller James Clavell’s novel Whirlwind much like a shimmering strand of silk woven through an elaborate Persian carpet, is the love story of two people from different backgrounds. [2] During the mid–1830s, the China trade became more difficult due to increased controls by the Chinese government to halt the worsening outflow of silver. Jardine left Canton on 26 January 1839 for Britain, ostensibly to retire but in actuality to continue Matheson's lobbying work. In area the island is less than 30 square miles (78 km2), and rises steeply from the water. This was made up of Matheson (24%), Deutsche Bank (56%) and the railway construction company Clark, Punchard (20%). Jardine, Matheson & Co., later Jardine, Matheson & Co., Ltd., forerunner of today's Jardine Matheson Holdings, was a Far Eastern company founded in 1832 by Scotsmen William Jardine and James Matheson as senior partners. Jardine Matheson and Co a été commencé à Guangzhou en Chine, le 1er juillet 1832. Regular runs were made between Canton and Calcutta and experimented with chartered steamships as early as 1830. After the Opium Wars of 1840-42, the company moved to Hong Kong and also opened a branch at Shanghai to give access to trade in the Yangtze basin. This category has the following 3 subcategories, out of 3 total. Do those years when you’re old, and you’ll never get through them. Do them young, and you’ll never get over them. This is the darkly decadent world of Gilded Cage. Sir James Nicolas Sutherland Matheson, 1st Baronet, FRS (17 November 1796 – 31 December 1878), was a Scottish Tai-Pan.Born in Shiness, Lairg, Sutherland, Scotland, he was the son of Captain Donald Matheson. Jardine Matheson adalah sebuah perusahaan asal Hong Kong yang bergerak di sektor manufaktur. As well as smuggling opium into China, Jardines traded sugar and spices from the Philippines, exported Chinese tea and silk to England, acted as cargo factors and insurance agents, rented out dockyard facilities and warehouse space as well as financed trade. David Jardine, a nephew of William Jardine, was one of the first two unofficial members of the Legislative Council appointed by the Governor in 1850. On arrival, he travelled extensively and held meetings both for government and trade purposes to gather support for a war with China. The company is controlled by the Keswick family, who are descendants of co-founder William Jardine's older sister. Jardine Paterson was born into the family which had founded the Jardine Matheson company, although his branch of the family controlled Jardine, Skinner and Company of Calcutta, the Indian division of Jardines, rather than its main business based in Hong Kong. Member of Parliament for Ashburton representing the Whig party. In 1843 his uncle had invited him to join Jardine Matheson in Hong Kong, but he declined due to moral scruples about that firm's involvement in the opium trade. The company was formed by two Scots, William Jardine and James Matheson in 1832 at Canton. Jardine Matheson is a diversified Asian-based group with unsurpassed experience in the region. 10, part 1. [5] Matheson, Sir James Nicholas Sutherland FRS (1846), Baronet (1851) b. He attended Edinburgh's Royal High School and the University of Edinburgh. Scottish tartan has a mysterious past while controversy about its origins and use continues unabated to the present day. The different styles and a small portion of history is included in these pages. Hugh was the nephew of James Matheson. "An intoxicating memoir of an American who discovers a passion for French wine, and gambles everything to chase a dream of owning a vineyard in Burgundy Ray Walker had a secure career in finance until a wine-tasting vacation ignited a ... It holds interests directly in Jardine Pacific (100%) and Jardine Motors (100%), while its 85%-held Group holding company, Jardine Strategic, holds interests in Hongkong Land (50%), Dairy Farm (78%), Mandarin Oriental (79%) and Jar dine Cycle & Carriage (75%) (JC&C). From the middle of the seventeenth century this drink had been growing in popularity in Britain and the British colonies, but the trade in teas was far from simple. New offices were also opened in the trading centres of Fuzhou and Tianjin and, during the latter half of the nineteenth century, the firm underwent a dramatic transformation from an agency house acting for principals to a more diversified business. Jardine Matheson began its transformation from a major commercial agent of the East India Company into the largest British trading Hong, or firm, in Asia from its base in Hong Kong. [6] About us. [2] Jardine Matheson Holdings Limited (juga dikenali sebagai Jardines) ialah konglomerat Hong Kong-British yang diperbadankan di Bermuda dan beribu pejabat di Hong Kong, dengan penyenaraian utama di Bursa Saham London dan penyenaraian sekunder di Bursa Singapura dan Bursa Saham Bermuda. History of Jardine Matheson & Co. Far Eastern company founded in 1832 by Scotsmen William Jardine and James Matheson as senior partners. La société fit fortune dans la contrebande d'opium, et le commerce de thé et de coton entre l'Inde britannique et la Chine. A Jardine Matheson Holdings Limited (também conhecida como Jardines) é um conglomerado multinacional britânico domiciliado nas Bermudas com sede em Hong Kong. The following 13 files are in this category, out of 13 total. He has held a number of senior executive positions in the Group, which he joined in 1984, including chief executive of … The stories told by the inscriptions on the 160 gravestones there form Macao and Hong Kong's heritage. It arranged finance and handled imports from those two companies of products such as tea, silk and jute. Y.K. [16] In 1878 the firm pioneered sugar refining in Hong Kong with the formation of the China Sugar Refinery Co.[17], Meanwhile, in Shanghai, Jardine, Matheson & Co. were the first to register a building lot on the Bund in 1843 where their first premises at No. This Element provides a publishing history of the role of academics in children's literature, questioning the book culture which promotes the enforcement of stereotypes regarding intellectual expertise in children's media. Under the eyes of the KGB, the CIA, and the People's Republic of China, British and American businessmen maneuver for control of Hong Kong's oldest trading house in a torrid atmosphere of easy money, smuggled guns, and natural disaster This page was last edited on 1 April 2021, at 20:30. [10] Tiếng Quảng Châu. The group's subsidiaries has 8 major companies, having its control of the Keswick family, who are the descendants of William Jardine's eldest sister, Jean Johnstone. [7], Between the 1860s and 1914, while acting as London representatives of Jardine Skinner and Jardine Matheson, Matheson & Co. also moved into international venture capital investments, particularly in mining. Jardine was born at Edinburgh the son of David Jardine of Muir House, Lockerbie, Dumfries and his wife Rachel Johnstone. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jardine Matheson Group. A maioria de seus interesses comerciais estão na Ásia , entre suas subsidiárias estão Jardine Pacific , Jardine Motors , Hongkong Land , Jardine Strategic Holdings , Dairy Farm , Mandarin Oriental Hotel Group , Jardine … Powerful and engrossing, King Rat artfully weaves the author’s own World War II prison camp experiences into a compelling narrative of survival amidst the grim realities of war and what men can do when pushed to the edge. Instead he had joined Magniac-Jardine, Jardine Matheson's London correspondents. Jardine Matheson Holdings Ltd. is a diversified Asian-based group with unsurpassed experience in the region. Jardine, Matheson & Co. China Coast Steam Nav. Pang was appointed Deputy Chairman and Deputy Managing Director of Jardine Matheson Limited in 2016, and he is a director of Jardine Matheson (China). Commissioner Lin and the Opium War. As late as 1840, the island seemed to have no potential development value. Jardine persuaded Palmerston to wage war on China[10] and provided a comprehensive plan along with detailed maps and strategies, the indemnifications and political demands from China and even the number of troops and warships needed in what was known as the Jardine Paper. C. B. Darwent estimated that by 1900, the firm's initial investment of £500 in the land was by then worth £1,000,000.[19]. London page 192, Chang, Hsin-Pao (1964). Along the way, he kept a diary. Legionnaire is a compelling, firsthand account of Murray’s experience with this legendary band of soldiers. [1] Pada tahun 2014, Jardine Matheson mendapatkan nilai penjualan sebesar AS$39,5 miliar dengan profit AS$1,6 miliar. Trafficking opium in Asia, while also trading cotton, tea, silk and a variety of other goods, from its early beginnings in Canton(modern day Guangzhou), in 1844 the firm established its head … A Jardine Matheson Holdings Limited (também conhecida como Jardines) é um conglomerado multinacional britânico domiciliado nas Bermudas com sede em Hong Kong.A maioria de seus interesses comerciais estão na Ásia, entre suas subsidiárias estão Jardine Pacific, Jardine Motors, Hongkong Land, Jardine Strategic Holdings, Dairy Farm, Mandarin Oriental Hotel Group, Jardine Cycle & … [4], Matheson and Company became involved in shipping products to China such as coal and boilers, and entered into the larger business of buying up surplus cotton goods in Liverpool and Manchester and shipping them to China, where Jardine Matheson arranged for their sale to local dealers. Profits accruing to the firm in the early years were enormous. In some ways unsuccessful in his mission, on being brushed aside by the "Iron Duke" (Duke of Wellington), the then British Foreign Secretary, he reported bitterly to Jardine of being insulted by an arrogant and stupid man, but nevertheless his activities and widespread lobbying in several forums including Parliament bore the seeds that would eventually lead to war. The ships raced home with their precious cargoes, each attempting to be the first to reach the consumer markets, thereby obtaining the premium prices offered for the early deliveries. 1877 թվականին Jardine, Matheson and Co ընկերության կրտսեր գործընկեր Ուիլյամ Կեսուիկը դարձավ The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation ընկերության տնօրեններից մեկը, ինչն իր հետևից բերեց Հոնկոնգի երկու խոշորագույն բիզնես-խմբերի միավորումը և ինչը դարձավ Ցին ար… [2] Lying just below the Tropic of Cancer, its climate was considered hot, humid, and unhealthy. Matheson & Company was a London -based trading house closely associated with Jardine Matheson of Hong Kong and Jardine Skinner of Calcutta. It arranged finance and handled imports from those two companies of products such as tea, silk and jute. Matheson & Company also became involved in venture-capital,... Prima facie, the only thing to recommend the island was its natural deep-water harbour. Jardine Lloyd Thompson Group. Location and history. Jardine Matheson (commonly known as Jardines) are a group of majority business serving Asia Pacific, from its domicile in Bermuda. Dr.William Jardine (24 February 1784 – 27 February 1843) was a Scottish physician and merchant who co-founded the Hong Kong based conglomerate Jardine, Matheson and Company, as well as a Master Templar of the British Rite of the Templar Order. Subcategories. Its history traced back on in 1981 when Jardine Matheson acquired Lancaster Group. We are a Fortune Global 500 company and one of the top 200 publicly traded companies in Asia. Y.K. He has held a number of senior executive positions in the Group, which he joined in 1984, including chief executive of … Nevertheless, William Jardine wanted to expand the opium trade in China and in 1834, in conjunction with Lord Napier, Chief Superintendent of Trade representing the British Empire, tried unsuccessfully to negotiate with the Chinese officials in Canton. [1] " - Li Shiqiao, writing in the South China Morning Post This book teaches us to read the contemporary Chinese city. "[21] Nevertheless, in the face of increasing domestic Chinese competition[22] and a growing anti-opium movement back home in England,[23] in 1872 Jardines formulated an explicit policy ending significant involvement in the opium trade. The Hong Kong-based Scottish firm Jardine Matheson started trading in Shanghai in early 1843 and became one of the first foreign businesses to set up branches in the city. This move freed up huge amounts of capital, which were then available for investment in new market sectors. The machinery at the Hong Kong mint was sold first to Jardine Matheson and in turn to the Japanese and used to make the first Yen coins in 1870. The Thistle and The Jade assembles contributions from leading historians, old Jardine hands, and figures from the more recent history of the firm, to chronicle how this happened. Jardine Matheson and Co a été commencé à Guangzhou en Chine, le 1er juillet 1832. China's ambition to be a major player on the global stage is written on the skylines of every major city. This is a nation on the rise, and it is building for the record books. William Jardine (24 February 1784 – 27 February 1843) was a Scottish physician, opium merchant and trader who co-founded the Hong Kong based conglomerate Jardine, Matheson & Co.Following his return to England from the Far East, between 1841 and 1843, he was Member of Parliament for Ashburton representing the Whig party.. Hummel’s biographical dictionary remains the single indispensable reference tool for Chinese history since 1644. It was first published in 1943–44. ‘The best history of China of the last 300 years’ – Hu Shih. The Qing Daoguang Emperor, pleased to hear of Jardine's departure, then proceeded to appoint a special Commissioner, Lin Zexu, to stop the opium trade altogether,[7] at that time centred on Canton. It has a primary listing on the London Stock Exchange and secondary listings on the Singapore Exchange and Bermuda Stock Exchange. Jardine Matheson. A Hon… This category has the following 3 subcategories, out of 3 total. He and William Jardine went on to co-found the Hong Kong-based trading conglomerate Jardine Matheson & Co. that became today's Jardine Matheson … The Rio Tinto Company was launched on 28 March 1873, headed by Hugh Matheson. Jardine Skinner had to weather financial crises in 1848 and 1866, supported by credit from Matheson & Co., and in 1890 returned the favor when Matheson found itself in difficulty. Jardine Motors Group. Godowns, wharves, offices and houses were also built on the island and facilities established to maintain Jardine's fleet of ships and their crews. Jardine Skinner's agents in Manchester were Matheson & Scott, who were associated with Matheson & Company. William Jardine (merchant) Scottish physician and trader who co-founded the Hong Kong based conglomerate Jardine, Matheson & Co. D. Dairy Farm International Holdings (10 P) H. Hongkong Land (18 P) M. Mandarin Oriental Hotel Group (24 P) Pages in category "Jardine Matheson Group" [3] Media in category "Jardine Matheson Group" The following 13 files are in this category, out of 13 total. 17 November 1796, Lairg, Sutherland, Scotland; d. 31 December 1878, Menton, France. Matheson & Company was a London-based trading house closely associated with Jardine Matheson of Hong Kong and Jardine Skinner of Calcutta. Matheson returned to China in 1836 to prepare to take over the firm as William Jardine got ready to begin his temporarily delayed retirement. ji4 wo4*2 leon4 syun4 gung1 si1. This seminal book has been republished as a three-volume set by the iLLamanati.Volume 1 has the first eight of the 13 Top Illuminati bloodlines: Astor, Bundy, Collins, DuPont, Freeman, Kennedy, Li, and Onassis.Volume 2 has the remaining ... As a senior ship's officer, Jardine was allocated an amount of cargo space equal to two chests which he could use to conduct his own business. [13], https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Matheson_%26_Company&oldid=1015497311, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Educated in medicine at the University of Edinburgh, in 1802 … At the same time, the company played an active role in the development of the new colony's infrastructure while also providing commercial leadership, credit and services of all kinds to the growing community. In this meticulously researched book – acclaimed for being the first social history to document and understand India’s new entrepreneurial groups – Harish Damodaran looks to answer who the new ‘wealth creators’ are, as he traces ... Hugh Matheson and his financial partners controlled Rio Tinto until the late 1880s, when the London and Paris Rothschilds gained control. In 1832, two years before the East India Company lost its monopoly over British trade with China, the partnership was restructured as Jardine Matheson and Company[3] with William Jardine, James Matheson, Alexander Matheson, Jardine's nephew Andrew Jardine, Matheson's nephew Hugh Matheson, John Abel Smith, Henry Wright and Hollingworth Magniac as its first partners. With less success, the company invested in oil production in Peru and in the 1900s in mining opportunities in Russia. From 1848 until he died in 1898 the senior partner of Matheson and Company was Hugh Matheson. The company rented this piece of land, of size 2100 square metres and a typical two storied gardened English cottage was built on it … This is an article of a subsidiary of Jardine Matheson. Co. / Indo-China Steam Nav. Hong Kong dollar - Wikipedia Commercial firms, Robert Dollar Company, Jardine Matheson , Butterfield and Swire and Standard Oil added their own steamers on the river between 1917 and 1919. The landmark Mandarin Hotelopened in Hong Kong in 1963 as the city's first five star hotel. A Decoration on Jardine Matheson Building The Bund 2.JPG 4,912 × 3,264; 4.41 MB. "Hong Kong" came from the Cantonese Heung Gawng (香港) meaning "fragrant harbour" and possibly originated from the scent emanating from the sandalwood incense factories across the water in what is now Shenzhen.[13]. For tax purposes, Matheson & Co. was a subsidiary of Jardine Matheson. Sir James Nicolas Sutherland Matheson, 1st Baronet, FRS, was a Scottish Tai-Pan. Matheson had the advantage of coming from a family with social and economic means, while Jardine came from a much more humble background. It was a simple incident in the life of James Clavell—a talk with his young daughter just home from school—that inspired this chilling tale of what could happen in twenty-five quietly devastating minutes. The company officially stopped this trading themselves in 1870 to pursue a broad range of other trading interests including shipping, railways, textiles and property development. William Jardine was born in 1784 in the Scottish lowlands and graduated from Edinburgh University with a degree in medicine. The name change recognises Cycle & Carriage’s distinguished 104-year operating history and firmly establishes Jardine … On 14 June 1841, the first lots were sold in Hong Kong. Jardine Skinner entered into joint ownership arrangements with Matheson & Co. of a number of tea estates in the early 1860s. [4] A rush to participate in the fast developing China trade, which was initially centred on tea, had begun when the East India Company monopoly ended in 1834. Offering a balanced, fresh, and international approach to the important contemporary period in Hollywood, this text is designed specifically for classroom use in undergraduate and graduate level film courses. Second son of Captain Donald Matheson of Shinness and Katherine, daughter of Thomas MacKay, minister of Lairg, James Matheson attended the Royal High School in … [1] Industri yang menjadi fokus utama Jardine Matheson adalah industri konglomerat. [5] This punitive level of taxation meant that huge profits were available, which gave rise to widespread smuggling to avoid the payment of duty. Jardine Cycle & Carriage. Using this space, the doctor soon discovered that trading opium was more profitable than practicing medicine. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jardine Matheson Group. [3], In 1912 the interests of the Matheson family were bought out, and from then on it had the same shareholders as Jardine Matheson. M. Matheson & Company also invested in copper mining in California and gold mining in South Africa. Jardine Matheson is a diversified Asian-based group with a broad portfolio of market-leading businesses. Jardine Matheson - Wikipedia Jardine Matheson Holdings Limited (also known as Jardines) is a Hong Kong-based Bermuda-domiciled British multinational conglomerate.It has a primary listing on the London Stock Exchange and secondary listings on the Singapore Exchange and Bermuda Stock Exchange. Dr. William Jardine (b. February 24, 1784 d. February 27, 1843) was a ship surgeon who went into the opium trading business in China, where he became a powerful merchant and was instrumental in starting the First Opium War.Early lifeJardine was… Jardines' centenary in Japan : 1859-1959: The thistle and the jade : a celebration of 150 years of Jardine, Matheson & Co. In the early years, this included Hong Kong's first ice-making factory, which was later amalgamated with the Dairy Farm Company,[15] the first spinning and weaving factory and the establishment of Hong Kong Tramways. Subcategories. To profit in the China trade participants had to be ahead of all competition, both legitimate and otherwise. Trade with China, especially in illegal opium, grew, and so did the firm of Jardine, Matheson and Co, by that time already known as the "Princely Hong"[11] for its status as the largest British trading firm in East Asia. Industri yang menjadi fokus utama Jardine Matheson adalah industri konglomerat. Mr. John R. Witt is a Managing Director & Director at Hongkong Land Holdings Ltd., a Managing Director & Director at Mandarin Oriental International Ltd., a Managing Director & Director at Dairy Farm International Holdings Ltd., a Chairman at Jardine Matheson Ltd., a Managing Director & Executive Director at Jardine Matheson Holdings Ltd. and a Managing Director & Director at Hongkong Land … William Jardine was born in 1784 in the Scottish lowlands and graduated from Edinburgh University with a degree in The heir to the magnificent English trading company, the Noble House…the direct descendant of the first Toranaga Shogun battling to usher his country into the modern age…a beautiful young French woman forever torn between ambition and ...
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