was the war measures act justified

which, had they been done or omitted after the passing of this Act, would have been authorized by this Act or by orders or regulations hereunder, shall be deemed to have been done or omitted under the authority of this Act, and are hereby declared to have been lawfully done or omitted.

Votre définition du Québécois! © 2020 St Thomas Times Journal. Trudeau was a strong man, when strength was needed. Canadian ministers were none too thrilled with the idea, given the security situation then in play in Canada but did not feel that they could turn down her request for essentially political reasons. The October crisis had both unhappy and happy outcomes. It has not effaced itself, as has been suggested. It was a crisis and we had no other option.

I knew it was a serious crisis. Within the ambit of the Act by which his authority is measured, the Governor in Council is given the same authority as is vested in Parliament itself. An author of Quebec's high-school history textbooks casts the federal government as the main villain of the October Crisis 40 years ago, disputes that Pierre Laporte was murdered, and defends the terrorist FLQ whose victims were, he says, mere "collateral damage" in the greater cause of independence. (forum Québécois de souche), Favoriser la survie de la Nation Québécoise, Louis Cyr, héros d’un peuple écartelé et méprisé, Le mythe du «fédéralisme» et des «fédéralistes», Le double standard du Canada anglais envers le Québec, Si les Canadiens anglais connaissaient l’histoire du Canada…, The 400th anniversary of the founding of Québec City, An anniversary that Ottawa would prefer not to celebrate, Trudeau’s War Measures Act: A Reminiscence, From London to Ottawa, State terrorism in the history of Quebec, A Brief History of RCMP Political Provocation, Racial Profiling, anti-Democratic Incidents, Living with the consequences of Pierre Trudeau’s war on Quebec, Can Quebec unilaterally secede from Canada?

Equally controversial was the use of the act to suspend the right of habeas corpus. Here’s what Eric Kierans, one of Trudeau’s own cabinet ministers who, at the time, favored the War Measures Act, wrote in his 2001 memoirs: ” None of the secret police raids turned up the guns, rifles, machine guns, bombs, or dynamite, although they did sweep up Pauline Julien, who sang separatist songs. [33][34], An Act to confer certain powers upon the Governor in Council and to amend the Immigration Act, Internment during World War I and afterwards, Continuation of Transitional Measures Act, 1947, S.C. 1947, c. 16, as amended by S.C. 1947–48, c. 5, S.C. 1949, c. 3, and S.C. 1950, c. 6. With request of the Quebec government with the consent of all party leaders in the Quebec National Assembly, troops appeared on the streets of Montreal on October 15, 1970. The UN should recognize it, A legal opinion on international law, language and the future of French-speaking Canada, Some racist slips about Quebec in English Canada between 1995 and 1998, Canada’s Concentration Camps – The War Measures Act, English Canada’s Double Standard for Québec, Women on the front line of language rights in Ontario : A chronicle of three events between 1916-1990, The KKK in Ontario: Found documents tell of Klan activity 90 years ago, Speak French, or resign to becoming American, If anglo Canadians knew Canadian history …, The Bengal Famine: How the British engineered the worst genocide in human history for profit. The violent separatists of the Front de Liberation du Quebec had been engaged in a bombing campaign in the province for nearly a decade. )", "War Measures Act Debate Oct 16, 1970" from the Douglas-Coldwell Foundation, Internment Camps in World War I and World War II in British Columbia, Ukrainian Canadian Civil Liberties Association, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=War_Measures_Act&oldid=983035227, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, on 17 December 1941, persons of Japanese descent were required to register with the. Change ). On one occasion, a senior non-commissioned officer of the Canadian army had his legs blown off while trying to defuse a bomb left in a mailbox in Montreal. The provisions of sections 6, 10, 11 and 13 of this Act shall only be in force during war, invasion, or insurrection, real or apprehended. The government soon interned fascists and Communists as well as opponents of conscription. James: Yeah. The use of the Act to address the problem presented by the FLQ was well supported by Canadians in all regions of Canada, according to a December Gallup Poll.

The media were working themselves into a lather over what was obviously the work of a handful of loons. an attempt had been made to negotiate a new agreement, compulsory conciliation had been undertaken, and. It’s in French.” That the RCMP had assigned a unilingual anglophone officer to deal with a situation involving francophone terrorists told me a lot about the competence and linguistic capabilities of the force at that time. My thoughts on Trudeau’s invocation of the War Measures Act are relevant today because of what I learned from this: that my instinctive distrust of government officials who claim vast discretionary powers over their citizens is likely to be justified. I think that this time the War Measures Act’s intentions were much better now since now this act is being used because of the raised fear in Canada of a militant terrorist group rising up against the government. Works Cited CBC. These enemy aliens were required to carry identification with them at all times and forbidden from possessing firearms, leaving the country without permission, or publishing or reading anything in a language other than English or French. The crisis the government faced was not too large and not the most serious, yet they went to the most serious extreme way of dealing with it. How far it shall seek the aid of subordinate agencies and how long it shall continue them in existence, are matters for Parliament and not for courts of law to decide. Did the post WW2 populations shifts have an impact on Canadian society? Henceforth, Quebec separatists would pursue their goals through peaceful and democratic means. The attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 led to Canada declaring war against Japan on 8 December 1941. In 1940, the more complex nature of organizing the war effort required the National Resources Mobilization Act to be adopted as well, and many subsequent regulations were brought into force by virtue of both of these Acts. [30], The Act's 1970 regulations were replaced by the Public Order (Temporary Measures) Act in November 1970, which subsequently expired on 30 April 1971. Under provisions of the National Defence Act, the Canadian Forces was deployed to assist the police. A member of Sun Media Community Newspapers part of Postmedia Network. ( Déconnexion / He showed political courage of the highest order.”. On the evening in question, I sat down at a desk and began twiddling my thumbs wondering what the next eight hours would be like. I then asked him what he made of it. At this point, the phone rang, and on the line was the RCMP superintendent who was manning the operations centre in the solicitor general’s department. One was located in the Department of the Solicitor General and was responsible for the activities of the RCMP and other law enforcement agencies. It nevertheless took the Canadian government 17 years to rescind the War Measures Act and replace it with somewhat less draconian legislation to deal with national emergencies. So, what’s the lesson? The Act was questioned for its suspension of civil liberties and personal freedoms, not only for Ukrainians and other Europeans during Canada's first national internment operations of 1914–1920, but also during the Second World War's Japanese Canadian internment and in the October Crisis. I went through this event while living in Toronto. "Order in council terminating the state of war with Germany", "Internment of Persons of Ukrainian Origin Recognition Act, SC 2005, c.52", Canadian First World War Internment Recognition Fund, "Proclamation of a state of apprehended war", National Emergency Transitional Powers Act, 1945, An Act to amend The National Emergency Transitional Powers Act, 1945, "ARCHIVED - Item Display - A Nation's Chronicle: The Canada Gazette - Library and Archives Canada", "The Malaise of Compulsory Conciliation: Strike Prevention in Canada during World War II", "CBC.ca – The Greatest Canadian – Top Ten Greatest Canadians – Tommy Douglas – Did You Know", "Emergencies Act, R.S.C., 1985, c. 22 (4th Supp. Requests for permission to reprint should be directed to the author or Antiwar.com. But I’m getting ahead of the story. Nouvelle-France, Canada, Canada français ou Québec ? I thought, for example, of the Canadian government’s incarceration of thousands of Japanese-Canadians during World War II. But the Winnipeg Free Press reported – I don’t know whether it was accurate – that the attendees were almost solely from the New Democratic Party (NDP), Canada’s left-wing party, and not just from the NDP but from the left wing of the NDP. The adoption of the act was approved by a vast majority in a subsequent session of the House of Commons. It was a crisis and we had no other option. Not sure if they every kidnapped elected politicians, though, I doubt that. Some people were held for months. Had the police found a huge cache of arms? The Governor in Council shall have the power to do and authorize such acts and things, and to make from time to time such orders and regulations, as he may by reason of the existence of real or apprehended war, invasion or insurrection deem necessary or advisable for the security, defence, peace, order and welfare of Canada; and for greater certainty, but not so as to restrict the generality of the foregoing terms, it is hereby declared that the powers of the Governor in Council shall extend to all matters coming within the classes of subjects hereinafter enumerated, that is to say:-.

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